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I AM A CIVIL ENGINEERING BY PROFESSION '34 YEAR'S OF EXPERIENCE PROVIDING PRACTICAL AND FIELD KNOWLEDGE ' MOSTLY FIELD WORK CRAZE FOR CIVIL WORK OR SAY ONSITE WORKhttps://engineersindiasolutions.wordpress.com/ WEBSITE

Sunday, 11 May 2025

FORE & BACK BEARING WITH CALCULATIONS

 In **prismatic surveying**, **fore bearing (FB)** and **back bearing (BB)** are essential for determining the direction of a survey line. They are always **180° apart**.




### **Definitions**

- **Fore Bearing (FB):** The bearing measured **from a starting station to the next station** in the direction of the survey.

- **Back Bearing (BB):** The bearing measured **from the next station back to the starting station**, in the opposite direction.


### **Formula for Calculating Back Bearing**

If the **Fore Bearing (FB)** is given in **Whole Circle Bearing (WCB)**:

- **BB = FB ± 180°**

  - If **FB < 180°**, then **BB = FB + 180°**

  - If **FB > 180°**, then **BB = FB - 180°**

If the **Fore Bearing (FB)** is given in **Quadrantal Bearing (QB)**:

- **BB is numerically equal to FB**, but:

  - **N is replaced with S**, and **S is replaced with N**

  - **E is replaced with W**, and **W is replaced with E**

### **Example Calculation**

#### **Case 1: Whole Circle Bearing (WCB)**

- Given **FB = 120°**

- **BB = 120° + 180° = 300°**

#### **Case 2: Quadrantal Bearing (QB)**

- Given **FB = N30°E**

- **BB = S30°W**

Fore bearing (FB) and back bearing (BB) play an essential role in **surveying, navigation, and military operations**. Their practical applications include:

### **1. Land Surveying & Mapping**

- Used in **traverse surveying** to determine **directions and locations** of points on land.

- Helps in **boundary demarcation** for **construction projects** and **property disputes**.

### **2. Navigation & Marine Applications**

- Used by **ship navigators** to maintain a straight course using reference points.

- Helps in **avoiding obstacles** at sea by aligning bearings with fixed landmarks.

### **3. Military & Defense Operations**

- Essential for **artillery targeting**, ensuring accuracy in missile strikes.

- Used for **reconnaissance and patrol** routes in unfamiliar terrain.

### **4. Road & Railway Construction**

- Helps in **route alignment** for highways and railway tracks.

- Ensures proper positioning of **tunnels and bridges** during large-scale infrastructure projects.

### **5. Geographical & Environmental Studies**

- Used in **forest surveys** to track wildlife migration paths.

- Helps in **disaster response planning**, such as marking evacuation routes.

### **6. Aviation & Air Traffic Control**

- Pilots use **bearings for navigation** during flights.

- Helps in **runway alignment** and air traffic monitoring.


Friday, 9 May 2025

TERMS USED IN PRISMATIC COMPASS Explained & defined in details

Let’s break down the topic into two core areas: **meridians**—which guide our directional reference in compass surveying—and **local attraction**—which is the error induced by nearby magnetic influences. Each plays a pivotal role in ensuring that a prismatic compass delivers accurate bearings in the field. ## Types of Meridian In surveying, a “meridian” is a fixed reference line used to measure directions or bearings. In the context of prismatic compasses, there are generally **four types**: 1. **True Meridian** This is the line or plane that runs from the geographic north to the geographic south pole. When using astronomical methods (like observing the sun or stars), surveyors can determine true north. Bearings referenced to the true meridian provide a basis for accuracy and are essential when converting measurements to map coordinates. 2. **Magnetic Meridian** The magnetic meridian is defined by the alignment of the magnetic needle in the prismatic compass. It points toward the magnetic north, which can differ from true north due to the Earth’s magnetic variation. Because the magnetic brand is inherently used by the instrument, all initial compass readings are taken relative to this meridian. 3. **Grid Meridian** When surveys are tied to a grid (such as those found on many topographic maps or in a Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) coordinate system), the grid meridian is used. This is a "synthetic" reference line established by the mapping projection. Grid north usually differs slightly from true north by a known amount, and adjustments are made to align the survey measurements with the grid system. 4. **Arbitrary Meridian**


For some local surveys or specific mapping projects, a reference line chosen by the surveyor—often for convenience or to suit local conditions—is used. This arbitrary meridian isn’t linked directly to true, magnetic, or grid north but is established as a fixed reference within the project. Its use can simplify field procedures while still allowing later conversion to a recognized reference if needed. Each meridian serves a distinct purpose. The true and grid meridians are essential for connecting field surveys with established mapping systems, while the magnetic and arbitrary meridians are often employed during the on-the-ground measurement process. ](https://esenotes.com/compass-surveyingtraverse-meridian-types-of-bearing/) ## Local Attraction **Local attraction** refers to the disturbance in the magnetic field of a prismatic compass caused by nearby ferromagnetic materials or objects. These could be anything from surveyor’s equipment, vehicles, or even the mineral composition of the ground. Here’s how it affects and is handled in practice: - **Nature of the Influence:** The magnetic needle is designed to align with the Earth’s magnetic field. However, if nearby objects exert their own magnetic forces, the needle can deflect away from the true magnetic meridian. This deviation means that the observed bearing is not the true magnetic bearing but one tainted by local effects. - **Detection and Correction:** To identify local attraction, surveyors typically take readings in two opposite (or back) directions along the same line. Ideally, reversing the direction of observation should yield complementary bearings (for example, if you add 180° to the forward bearing, you should get the back bearing). Any discrepancy between the two indicates local attraction. The error is usually half the difference between the forward and back readings, and once determined, the correction is applied to all measurements taken during that session. - **Practical Considerations:** Local attraction isn’t constant. It can vary depending on the location, the setup of the survey site, and even the handling of the instrument. That’s why establishing a routine for error detection is essential. Understanding and mitigating local attraction ensures that despite the presence of unintended magnetic influences, the survey data remains reliable. Proper acknowledgment of local attraction and its correction is a cornerstone of precise compass surveying. It ensures that bearings can be confidently related back to one of the standard meridians, whether it be magnetic, true, grid, or arbitrary. ](https://esenotes.com/compass-surveyingtraverse-meridian-types-of-bearing/) Both the classification of meridians and the concept of local attraction are vital for accurate survey measurements with a prismatic compass. Recognizing which meridian your initial readings relate to—and making the necessary adjustments for any local magnetic interferences—empowers surveyors to convert raw field data into reliable surveying information that aligns with mapping standards.

Wednesday, 30 April 2025

3 Main Types of Obstacles in Chaining of a Line | Land Survey | Surveying

        CHAIN SURVEYING TYPE'S OF OBSTACLE IN SURVEYING{सर्वे मे विभिन प्रकार केअवरुद्ध}PRACTICAL PROCEDURE            https://youtu.be/opFhcMSAdjMद्ध}P

INTERSECTION METHOD USING PLANE TABLE TROUGH COMPASS {METHOD OF SURVEYING WITH THEORY AND PRACTICAL          https://youtu.be/R7_zsW1rNCo

3 Main Types of Obstacles in Chaining of a Line | Land Survey | Surveying

The three main obstacles in chaining of a line are of the following types:

1. Chaining Free, Vision Obstructed

2. Chaining Obstructed, Vision Free

3. Chaining and Vision Both

Diffferent types of obstacles include

 physical,          

economic,

biopsychosocial,

cultural, political,

technological and military.

(a)    Both ends of the line are visible from some intermediate points

(b)    . Intervening ground is an example of such obstacle. By resorting to reciprocal ranging this difficulty can be overcome


                        Obstacles in Ranging



Obstacles to Both Chaining and

Ranging



 

Wednesday, 5 February 2025

Introduction to Information Technology:#computer

The modern world is built on the bedrock of Information Technology (IT). Whether you’re interacting with a digital device or engaging with the web, the influence of IT is ubiquitous. Grasping the “Basics of Information Technology” is not just a skill—it’s an essential part of contemporary literacy. This blog post will embark you on a 10-step journey to unravel the layers of IT, equipping you with the knowledge you need to navigate and understand this dynamic field.

Introduction to Information Technology:n What is IT?

Before we delve into the intricate learning path, let’s define our primary subject. Information technology encompasses the use of systems (computers and telecommunications) for storing, retrieving, and sending information. This broad definition opens the door to a world where information technology shapes everything from how we communicate to how we work and play. But what do information technology professionals actually do? They are the custodians of data, ensuring that this valuable commodity is handled with care, protected, and utilized efficiently. Their work spans various domains from creating complex networks that enable global communication to developing software that drives business solutions.

As we embark on this introduction to information technology, remember that IT is like an ecosystem, comprising various components that work synergistically. An intro to info technology is incomplete without acknowledging the impact IT has on business operations, educational frameworks, and even in our homes, with smart devices becoming increasingly commonplace.

Your career in information technology last for years.  Technology changes rapidly.  An ITU Online IT Training subscription offers you flexible and affordable IT training.  With our IT training at your fingertips, your career opportunities are never ending as you grow your skills.

Step 1: Understanding the Fundamentals

Begin your journey with a solid foundation in the fundamentals. “What does information technology do,” you may ask? At its core, IT processes data to produce meaningful information. This step involves getting familiar with the basic components like hardware, software, and networking. It’s crucial to understand how these elements interact to form the backbone of IT.

Hardware represents the tangible assets of technology. These are the physical devices such as computers, servers, switches, and routers that you can touch and feel. Then comes software, the intangible set of instructions that tells the hardware what to do. Whether it’s an operating system or an application, software is what breathes life into the hardware.

But hardware and software alone do not make up the entirety of IT. , one must understand networking. Networking is what connects the dots, allowing for communication between devices. It’s the internet, the local area networks, and the protocols that dictate the seamless exchange of information. As you dive into the technology basics, you’ll see how data flows from one point to another, creating a web of interconnectedness that defines our digital age.

Step 2: Discovering the Roles in IT

When one inquires, “What does information technology do?” it’s important to look at the various stewards of this field. IT is an umbrella for a myriad of roles that are integral to the operation and advancement of digital systems. For instance, network administrators are tasked with the vital role of managing and maintaining the vast networks that keep organizations connected and secure. Software developers, on the other hand, are the creative force behind applications that drive functionality and innovation across devices.

To learn about IT and its diverse career paths means recognizing the specialized skills and daily activities of these professionals. Database managers, cybersecurity experts, and IT support technicians all play a pivotal role. They ensure that data is safe, systems are efficient, and help is at hand when technological issues arise. As you explore the basics of information technology, consider the multifaceted roles that might align with your interests and skills, such as cloud computing specialists who facilitate the storage and management of data on remote servers, or systems analysts who devise technological solutions to business problems.

Understanding what information technology professionals do includes recognizing the importance of continuous learning and adaptation. The field is dynamic, with the introduction of new technologies necessitating a perpetual development of skills and knowledge

Step 3: The Building Blocks: Hardware and Software

To truly grasp the basics of IT, one must understand the core components: hardware and software. Hardware serves as the bedrock, consisting of physical devices such as computers, servers, and routers — the tangible pieces of technology that form the infrastructure of our digital world. Software, however, is akin to the soul of the system, consisting of the applications and operating systems that instruct the hardware in performing tasks ranging from the mundane to the complex.

In the context of “information technology basics,” it’s essential to appreciate how these two aspects are symbiotic. The most advanced application is rendered useless without a device to run it, just as the most powerful computer requires software to perform any function. For those diving into “information technology for beginners,” understanding the interplay between these components is key to appreciating how tasks are executed and goals are achieved within the IT ecosystem.

Step 4: Networking and the Internet

As we delve deeper into the realm of “info technology,” it becomes clear that networking — especially the internet — is the lifeblood of the digital age. In this crucial step, we explore the basics of networking, which includes understanding how data is transmitted from one device to another. The role of protocols, such as TCP/IP, which govern the rules of data transfer, is fundamental to this process. Networking is not just about connectivity but also about the seamless integration of diverse technologies to ensure coherent and secure communication.

Furthermore, the importance of cybersecurity within networking cannot be overstated. As we  recognizing the threats and understanding the measures to protect data is critical. Cybersecurity efforts involve the implementation of various strategies, from firewalls to encryption, aimed at safeguarding information as it travels across networks. For those new to “information technology basic knowledge,” understanding these concepts is paramount to grasp how the digital ecosystem operates and defends itself against potential breaches.

Step 5: Data Management and Storage

“Information technology what do they do with all the data?” is a common question that points towards the crucial role of data management and storage in IT. The foundation of IT requires an understanding of how data — the new gold — is stored, sorted, and retrieved. We look into databases, the structured systems where data is meticulously organized, allowing for quick access and analysis. “Information technology for beginners” also involves exploring cloud storage solutions, which have revolutionized the way we save and access data, enabling scalability and remote access.

Understanding these storage options is a part of “the basic of information technology” and essential in a world where data accessibility can dictate the success of a business. This section will impart knowledge about the different methods of storage, such as on-premises, cloud-based, and hybrid models, and how these can affect the management of information.

Step 6: Introduction to Coding and Development

Coding is often considered the beating heart of IT; it’s the process that brings ideas to life in the form of software and applications. An “introduction to information technology” is incomplete without a primer on programming. Here, we’ll touch on the importance of algorithms — step-by-step instructions that lay out the task for a computer to perform. From there, we explore some of the basic programming languages, like Python and HTML, which are the building blocks for more advanced and intricate software development.

This step is not about becoming an expert coder overnight. Rather, it’s about understanding the logic behind “information technology basics” in coding — how software is built from a concept to a working program. Even for those who aspire to roles outside of development, grasping these basics is crucial, as it offers insight into the creative process behind the technologies we use every day.

Step 7: IT Support and Troubleshooting

In any IT Path is, encountering technical snags is inevitable. “What to do in information technology when faced with such challenges?” becomes a vital question. This is where IT support and troubleshooting expertise is essential. In this step, we navigate through the systematic approach of identifying, diagnosing, and resolving technical issues. The knowledge of troubleshooting is a fundamental aspect of “information technology basic knowledge,” enabling professionals to address problems ranging from simple software glitches to complex network disruptions

For those delving into “information technolgy,” understanding the common tools and strategies for troubleshooting is key. This includes everything from the basics of rebooting systems to the more intricate processes of debugging code or managing server outages. This step isn’t just about fixing immediate problems; it’s also about developing a mindset geared toward proactive problem-solving and continuous system improvement.

Step 8: Introduction to Emerging Technologies

When embarking on an “introduction to information technology,” it’s important not only to grasp the current landscape but also to look towards the horizon. Emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI),Block chain, and the Internet of Things (IoT) are reshaping the future of IT. These advancements promise to revolutionize industries, from automated customer service through AI to secure transactions via blockchain, and interconnected devices with IoT.

For beginners in “information technology,” understanding these concepts is like getting a glimpse into the future of the digital world. It’s crucial for aspiring IT professionals to familiarize themselves with these areas as they will likely shape the career opportunities and technological developments in the years to come.

Step 9: IT Security and Ethics

Grasping the foundations of IT security is crucial as you explore the “Basics of Information Technology.” This involves understanding how to safeguard systems, networks, and data from various threats and ensuring integrity, confidentiality, and availability. Learning about IT security is more than just protecting information; it’s about fostering trust in technology. The field of “information technology for beginners” must include an understanding of how to implement security measures such as firewalls, antivirus software, and intrusion detection systems.

Moreover, ethics play a significant role in shaping the conduct of IT professionals. This includes making informed decisions regarding privacy, data management, and the broader impact of technology on society. It’s important to consider “what do information technology do” in the context of ethical practice—ensuring that actions and innovations align with societal values and norms.

Step 10: Putting Knowledge into Practice

Theory in “information technology basics” serves as the blueprint; however, the real understanding solidifies when this theory is applied. Putting knowledge into practice is a dynamic way to experience the multifaceted nature of IT. Whether it’s setting up networks that enable devices to Learn about IT infrastructure or developing software that solves real-world problems, hands-on practice is where the theoretical meets the practical.

For those asking “what to do in information technology,” this step is your playground. Through projects like creating a database or participating in coding bootcamps, you can apply the “basics of IT” in tangible ways. This experiential learning is the cornerstone of solidifying your skills and preparing you for further advancements in the field.

Conclusion: Embracing the Path Ahead (Basics of Information Technology)

Understanding the “Basics of Information Technology” is not the end, but rather the beginning of a lifelong journey of discovery and innovation in the IT landscape. As you progress from “intro to info technology” to mastering more complex concepts, remember that the field is always advancing. To keep pace, continuous learning and adaptation are paramount.

In concluding this comprehensive exploration of “information technology 101,” we affirm the importance of building upon the “information technology basic knowledge” you’ve acquired. Stay curious, stay engaged, and be ready to delve deeper into the ever-expanding universe of IT. With each step forward, you’re not just following a path but also paving new ones in this exciting and essential domain.

 

Tuesday, 10 December 2024

LINK'S PAGE WITH ALL VIDEO'S RECENTLY UPLOADED

                          video links

S P T Test PROCEDURE BY MECHANICAL METHOD  SHORTS       https://youtu.be/eVFFP7Q6uvw

COMPATION OF SOIL #Civil engineering practice, the soils at a given site      https://youtu.be/zWwuiJROV4M

क्लोरीनीकरण के प्रकार#civilengineering@enviromentalengineering    https://youtu.be/dL8Fv9hL2g0

Chlorination & types of chlorination#civilengineering@enviromentalengineering   https://youtu.be/8RG8snMWRVQ

क्लोरीनीकरण के प्रकार #civilengineering@enviromentalengineering SHORTS  https://youtu.be/XzCPwQZLVZM

CHLORINATION_ TYPES OF  CHLORINATIONS #CIVILENGINEERING@ENVIROMENTAL ENGG

https://youtu.be/YDmycjKRvLA

Sand cement ratio Purpose of this study is to investigate the best of mortar #civilengineering@CT

https://youtu.be/oxPbm7LZrzI

TESTING OF PIPES EXPLAINED IN BRIEF           https://youtu.be/s7s2ogCoCBQ

Types of Water Demand in cities commercial areas #civilengineering@WATER AND WASTE WATER ENGINEERING          https://youtu.be/CCbFYu5NmrE

Dissolved Oxygen & Biochemical Oxygen Demand WHY WE NEED TO KNOW  https://youtu.be/Iql3Q99K5zs

Drainage & water proofing Drainage and waterproofing are essential aspects # cinilEngineerin@tunnels

https://youtu.be/G_MkGiLPaRs

Types of Railway Tracks Joints    रेल जोड़ों के प्रकार #CivilEngineering @Railways   https://youtu.be/ZMHl96bBubA

Types Of Railways रेलवे के प्रकार #Civil Engineering@Railways   https://youtu.be/LpSPZQRPS6k

CASSION FOUNDATION पानी के अंदर निर्माण-कैशन फाउंडेशन @ सिविल इंजीनियरिंग # भवन निर्माण  https://youtu.be/Lr5cG2BvZdI

CASSION FOUNDATION Underwater Bridge Construction!Spot the Fatal Mistake # construction 

https://youtu.be/69eixhtmsao

Four Stroke Engine: Definition, Working, Cycle, vehicles running by four-stroke IC engines.

https://youtu.be/d8hqr_n9ByY  

Four Stroke Engine: Definition, Working, Cycle, Applications most road runners # Auto Engineering

https://youtu.be/caIiRXw_hoM

 Shallow & deep foundations Hindi # CIVIL ENGINEERING @ BUILDING CONSTRUCTION 

https://youtu.be/6RkaiXmWjXU

Shallow & deep foundations # civil engineering #building construction  

https://youtu.be/ROUfkRM8iVI

16 Types of Windows used in Buildings इमारतों में इस्तेमाल की जाने वाली 16 तरह की खिड़कियाँ #360 

https://youtu.be/IFBDCbeNj40

Initial and final setting time of cement test procedure in Hindi   https://youtu.be/m65x7K3HePU

Fineness of cement by sieve no 09 or 90 micron sieve #CIVIL ENGINEERING@concretetechnology                                                                                                   

https://youtu.be/q8Z05Z2DPGs

HOW TO USE THE BLOG & HOW TO DOWNLOAD PPT & DATA    https://youtu.be/5TYIJaF9GmE

Testing Cement before Construction#360___# CIVIL ENGINEERING❤❤💚👍👍👍      https://youtu.be/Ix9VaJKUHcc

Canal Alignment; Factors to be considered in Canal Alignment #CIVIL ENGINEERING    

https://youtu.be/Fwi4srQ-PP0

Canal Irrigation function's purpose of various components      https://youtu.be/ftrBfpU3Lps

निर्माण के बाद दीमक रोधी उपचार?anti-termite treatment #civilengineering @building construction    

https://youtu.be/SyjGLqpIwm0 

Anti-Termite Treatment after construction? #civilengineering@buildingconstructions   https://youtu.be/D7vyJoJyA6g

NOTE         CLICK ON THE LINK'S & FOLLOW UP

Sunday, 8 December 2024

Soil Compaction: Methods, Meaning, and Effects मृदा संघनन: विधियाँ, अर्थ और प्रभाव

Soil Compaction: Methods, Meaning, and Effects //मृदा संघनन: विधियाँ, अर्थ और प्रभाव 

   viseo https://youtu.be/zWwuiJROV4M

 blog hindi- https://engineersindiasolutions.blogspot.com/2024/12/soil-compaction-methods-meaning-and.html

website download  👉👉👉   https://engineersindiasolution.com/?p=1955

CHLORINATION_ TYPES OF CHLORINATIONS English & hindi क्लोरीनीकरण के प्रकार

 FULL DOWNLOAD 👉👉👉  https://engineersindiasolution.com/?p=1945

    👉👉👉  ENGLISH https://engineersindiasolution.com/?p=1940 

COMMENT SHARE VIDEO LINK IN HINDI 👉👉 https://youtu.be/dL8Fv9hL2g0

ENGLISH 👉👉👉👉    https://youtu.be/YDmycjKRvLA


Mastering R.C.C. Bend Techniques

 Mastering R.C.C. (Reinforced Cement Concrete) bend techniques is essential for ensuring the structural integrity, safety, and durability of...