3 Main Types of Obstacles in Chaining of a Line | Land Survey | Surveying

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3 Main Types of Obstacles in Chaining of a Line | Land Survey | Surveying

The three main obstacles in chaining of a line are of the following types:

1. Chaining Free, Vision Obstructed

2. Chaining Obstructed, Vision Free

3. Chaining and Vision Both

Diffferent types of obstacles include

 physical,          

economic,

biopsychosocial,

cultural, political,

technological and military.

(a)    Both ends of the line are visible from some intermediate points

(b)    . Intervening ground is an example of such obstacle. By resorting to reciprocal ranging this difficulty can be overcome

                        Obstacles in Ranging

Obstacles to Both Chaining and

Ranging